What is the definition of electrical current?

The definition of electrical current is the movement of electrons through a conductor. This definition captures the fundamental concept of electrical current, which is a flow of electric charge that occurs when there is a potential difference (voltage) across a conductive material, such as a metal wire. When electrons move, they carry electric charge and create current, which is typically measured in amperes (amps).

In electrical circuits, the movement of these electrons is what allows for the functioning of devices, as it powers them and enables the transfer of energy. This electron flow is influenced by factors such as resistance and voltage, but the core definition remains focused on the movement of electrons themselves.

The other options do not accurately represent the definition of electrical current. For instance, the reference to resistance change and temperature change pertains to Ohm's Law and the characteristics of materials rather than current itself. Voltage is indeed a critical concept in understanding circuits, but it refers to the potential difference that drives the current, not the current itself. Finally, the flow of protons is misleading, as protons do not move through conductors in electrical circuits; it is the electrons that are responsible for electric current.